Saturday, September 19, 2015

16 Pyramids Discovered in Ancient Cemetery

by Owen Jarus, Live Science Contributor   |   September 16, 2015

The remains of 16 pyramids with tombs underneath have been discovered in a cemetery near the ancient town of Gematon in Sudan.  

They date back around 2,000 years, to a time when a kingdom called "Kush" flourished in Sudan. Pyramid building was popular among the Kushites. They built them until their kingdom collapsed in the fourth century AD.

Derek Welsby, a curator at the British Museum in London, and his team have been excavating at Gematon since 1998, uncovering the 16 pyramids, among many other finds, in that time. "So far, we've excavated six made out of stone and 10 made out of mud brick," Welsby said. 

The largest pyramid found at Gematon was 10.6 meters (about 35 feet) long on each side and would have risen around 13 m (43 feet) off the ground.

Wealthy and powerful individuals built some of the pyramids, while people of more modest means built the others, Welsby said. "They're not just the upper-elite burials," he said.

In fact, not all the tombs in the cemetery have pyramids: Some are buried beneath simple rectangular structures called "mastaba," whereas others are topped with piles of rocks called "tumuli." Meanwhile, other tombs have no surviving burial markers at all.

Thursday, September 17, 2015

Part of long-lost Pelusiac branch of Nile uncovered in Egypt's Qantara

The ancient water-way was a key transport link for the 26th Dynasty and was lost to silt around two millennia ago

By Nevine El-Aref , Monday 14 Sep 2015

Excavations by an Egyptian mission at the Tel Al-Dafna archaeological site in Qantara have uncovered a 200 metre section of the long-lost Pelusiac branch of the Nile.

The Pelusiac branch was the major navigational byway into the delta from Sinai which once divided the ancient Qantara city into east and west.

Mohamed Abdel-Maqsoud, head of the mission, told Ahram Online that the first ever complete industrial city was uncovered at Qantara. It includes a collection of kilns used to melt iron and bronze in weapon-making for Egyptian army during the 26th dynasty (664-525 AD).

He said the antiquities minister has ordered more archaeologists and excavators to work at the site in order to reveal more of the Pelusiac branch and of the industrial city.

The course of the Pelusiac branch has been traced on a deltaic plain east of the Suez Canal, between the El Baqar Canal and Tell El-Farama (ancient Pelusium). Two minor distributaries branched northward.

The critical stage in the process of the silting of the lower reaches of the Pelusiac branch, due to beach accretion, occurred around 25 AD. Ancient ruins in the area are closely associated with the waterway.

Source: http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/141504/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Part-of-longlost-Pelusiac-branch-of-Nile-uncovered.aspx

Wednesday, September 16, 2015

Wednesday Weekly # 88

Welcome to the Wednesday Weekly, your weekly dose of links to Egyptology news, articles, blogs, events and more!


Scientific American

THE ANCIENT WORLD ONLINE

Open Acces Journal Backlist: Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2010/09/open-accesss-to-early-voumes-of.html 

Open Acces Journal: The British Museum Egypt and Sudan Newsletter
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2015/09/open-access-journal-british-museum.html 

Open Acces Journal: Papyrus Magazin: Die Zeitschrift für Deutschesprachige in Ägypten
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2015/09/open-access-journal-papyrus-magazin-die.html

Open Acces Journal: ANKH, Journal of Egyptology and African Civilisations
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2012/09/open-access-journal-ankh-revue.html 

EGYPT CENTRE, SWANSEA

Useful enquiries
http://egyptcentre.blogspot.nl/2015/09/useful-enquiries.html 

Plaster casts, class and art. CIPEG 2015.
http://egyptcentre.blogspot.nl/2015/09/plaster-casts-class-and-art-cipeg-2015.html 

AMARNA PROJECT

The Northern Cemeteries of Amarna

http://www.amarnaproject.com/pages/recent_projects/excavation/northern_cemeteries/

PAST HORIZONS

Mummified kestrel virtual autopsy points to choking as cause of death

http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/09/2015/mummified-kestrel-virtual-autopsy-points-to-choking-as-cause-of-death

THE CAIRO POST

Paris Egypt exhibit holds defiant message for Islamic State

http://www.thecairopost.com/news/166906/news/paris-egypt-exhibit-holds-defiant-message-for-islamic-state

Tut mask renovation begins Oct. 10
http://www.thecairopost.com/news/167437/topnews/tut-mask-renovation-begins-oct-10

DEMONTHINGS - ANCIENT EGYPTIAN DEMONOLOGY PROJECT

‘Demon Things’ conference speakers

http://www.demonthings.com/demon-things-conference-speakers/

‘Demon Things’ conference 2016 abstract: Panagiotis Kousoulis
http://www.demonthings.com/kousoulis-rebellious-entities/

EGYPT EXPLORATION SOCIETY

#myEESpic - We need your help...

http://ees.ac.uk/news/index/329.html

AHRAM ONLINE


A conservation material with nuclear power invented in Egypt

http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/141499/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/A-conservation-material-with-nuclear-power-invente.aspx

Part of long-lost Pelusiac branch of Nile uncovered in Egypt's Qantara
http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/141504/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Part-of-longlost-Pelusiac-branch-of-Nile-uncovered.aspx

Tutankhamun's mask to undergo restoration in October
http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/141581/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Tutankhamuns-mask-to-undergo-restoration-in-Octobe.aspx

KELSEY MUSEUM

Ugly Object of the Month—September

https://kelseymuseum.wordpress.com/2015/09/15/ugly-object-of-the-month-september/

NILE MAGAZINE

It's all about who you know
http://www.nilemagazine.com.au/featured-post/2015/9/12/its-all-about-who-you-know

ANCIENT EGYPT ALIVE!

Cleanup Day of Luxor’s Avenue of the Sphinxes
http://www.ancientegyptalive.com/2015/09/14/cleanup-of-avenue-of-the-sphinxes/

DISCOVERY NEWS

Oldest, Longest Ancient Egyptian Leather Manuscript Found
http://news.discovery.com/history/archaeology/oldest-and-longest-ancient-egyptian-leather-manuscript-found-150914.htm

TIM'S EGYPTIANS

Valley Of The Kings
http://tim-theegyptians.blogspot.nl/2015/09/valley-of-kings.html

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN

Surprising New Finds from Ancient Egyptian Star Charts
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/surprising-new-finds-from-ancient-egyptian-star-charts-slide-show1/

Surprising New Finds from Ancient Egyptian Star Charts

Planetarium software, among other things, shows how ancient Egyptians planned to navigate the sky after death

By Christine Gorman | Sep 15, 2015

Ancient Egyptians expected to be very busy in the afterlife. Thousands of years ago they painted big beautiful eyes on the outside of their coffins so that they could see what was going on in the world. Some of the nobility around the upper Egyptian city of Asyut even had detailed tables of star movements drawn on the inside of their coffins. The depictions look like timetables or spreadsheets of when various stars first appear (or disappear) over the horizon at different times of the year—only a lot more beautiful.

Scholars have long believed that the star charts represented a very early type of clock, for telling time at night, which might be important for certain religious rituals. But Sarah Symons of McMaster University in Ontario thinks it more likely that the tables represent a kind of map for the dead to properly navigate the sky, where they would live forevermore as stars. Her conclusions are based on years of research into ancient Egyptian beliefs, extensive surveys of the 27 known star tables or fragments of tables in the world and, using planetarium software, the ability to easily recreate the nighttime sky as it appeared more than 4000-odd years ago along the Nile. Symons and co-author Elizabeth Tasker of Hokkaido University in Japan describe the work in the October issue of Scientific American.

The basic layout of the star charts has, of course, been known for decades, as Symons and Tasker write in "Stars of the Dead." A complete table "is divided into quarters by a horizontal and a vertical strip. The horizontal strip contains a line from a religious text making an offering to a number of Egyptian gods, and the vertical strip pictures four images of the gods themselves. . ."

Monday, September 14, 2015

Oldest, Longest Ancient Egyptian Leather Manuscript Found

By Rossella Lorenzi

The oldest Egyptian leather manuscript has been found in the shelves of the Egyptian museum in Cairo, where it was stored and forgotten for more than 70 years.

Dating from the late Old Kingdom to the early Middle Kingdom (2300-2000 B.C.), the roll measures about 2.5 meters(8.2 feet) and is filled with texts and colorful drawings of the finest quality.

“Taking into account that it was written on both sides, we have more than 5 meters (16.4 feet) of texts and drawings, making this the longest leather roll from ancient Egypt,” Wael Sherbiny, the Belgium-based independent scholar who made the finding, told Discovery News.
 
The first Egyptian to obtain his PhD in Egyptology in 2008 from the Leuven University in Belgium, Sherbiny specializes in the ancient Egyptian religious texts and is preparing the full publication of the unique leather roll.

He announced the finding at the recent International Congress of Egyptologists in Florence.
Nothing is known about the manuscript’s origins. The French Institute of Oriental Archaeology in Cairo bought it from a local antiquities dealer sometime after the WWI. Later it was donated to the Cairo Museum, where it was unrolled shortly before the outbreak of the WWII.

“Since then it was stored in the museum and fell completely into oblivion,” Sherbiny said.

Basically a portable religious manuscript, the more than 4,000-year-old roll, contains depictions of divine and supernatural beings which predate the famous drawings found in the Book of the Dead manuscripts and the so-called Netherworld Books from the New Kingdom onwards (1550 B.C. onwards).

Saturday, September 12, 2015

Bird Mummy's Secret: Why Raptor Was Force-Fed by Ancient Egyptians

By Megan Gannon, Live Science Contributor   |   September 09, 2015

Its last meal wasn't pleasant.

A mouse tail was lodged in its throat when it died. Semi-digested flesh and fur still remained in its stomach when it was wrapped in mummy bandages.

A new autopsy reveals that overeating choked and killed this unfortunate raptor from ancient Egypt. Scientists suspect that Egyptians force-fed the bird so they could offer it to the sun god Ra as a votive mummy.

Mummification wasn't reserved for people in Egypt. The archaeological record is full of examples of cats, dogs, crocodiles and birds that were mummified and used as religious offerings to their corresponding animal gods, a practice that was popular from about 600 B.C. until around A.D. 250, well into the Roman period. Salima Ikram, a professor of Egyptology at the American University in Cairo, has made a living studying these animal mummies, and for her latest research, she examined the ancient remains of a European kestrel from the Iziko Museums of South Africa in Cape Town.

New imaging technologies have made it possible to see through mummies without butchering ancient corpses: Ikram and her colleagues used an X-ray computed tomography scanner at Stellenbosch University in South Africa to see the insides of the kestrel in 3D. The images revealed the bird's stomach was stuffed with bones and teeth from at least two mice —one with its tail inside the raptor's esophagus —and a partially digested sparrow.

Wednesday, September 9, 2015

Wednesday Weekly # 87

Welcome to the Wednesday Weekly, your weekly dose of links to Egyptology news, articles, blogs, events and more!



THE ANCIENT WORLD ONLINE

Meketre Scene Repository
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2015/09/meketre-scene-repository.html

Aswan-Kom Ombo: Missioni Archeologiche, Dipartimento di Storia Culture Civiltà
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2015/09/aswan-kom-ombo-egitto-missioni.html

Kom Umm el-Atl: Missioni Archeologiche, Dipartimento di Storia Culture Civiltà
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2015/09/kom-umm-el-atl-fayyum-egitto-missioni.html

Some Open Access Articles from Chronique d'Égypte
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2011/01/some-open-access-articles-from.html

Medizinische Schriften der Alten Ägypter
http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.nl/2011/09/egyptian-medical-texts-online.html

IN THE ARTIFACT LAB

Mysterious bits from Nespekashuti
http://www.penn.museum/sites/artifactlab/2015/09/05/mysterious-bits-from-nespekashuti/ 

ACROSSBORDERS

Fire dogs and food preparation on Sai
http://acrossborders.oeaw.ac.at/fire-dogs-and-food-preparation-on-sai/

Last steps in recording Faience vessels from Sai Island, New Kingdom town
http://acrossborders.oeaw.ac.at/last-steps-in-recording-faience-vessels-from-sai-island-new-kingdom-town/ 

AL-AHRAM WEEKLY

Pharaohs at night
http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/13129/47/Pharaohs-at-night.aspx 

ANCIENT ORIGINS

Discovery of mummified kestrel reveals evidence for falconry in ancient Egypt
http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/discovery-mummified-kestrel-reveals-evidence-falconry-ancient-egypt-003754 

BROOKLYN MUSEUM

Happy Caturday
http://brooklynmuseum.tumblr.com/post/128400927150/happy-caturday-from-the-brooklyn-museum-this-is 

EGYPT AT THE MANCHESTER MUSEUM

'Gifts for the Gods: Animal Mummies Revealed' - Press Release
https://egyptmanchester.wordpress.com/2015/09/02/gifts-for-the-gods-animal-mummies-revealed-press-release/ 

MARÍA ROSA VALDESOGO

A Teenager in Ancient Egypt with Lock of Hair?
www.mariarosavaldesogo.com/a-teenager-in-ancient-egypt-with-lock-of-hair/ 

TIM'S EGYPTIANS

The Gold of Tutankhamen
http://tim-theegyptians.blogspot.nl/2015/09/the-gold-of-tutankhamen.html 

THE CAIRO POST

Germany to fund renovation of Tutankhamun golden mask
http://www.thecairopost.com/news/165736/culture/germany-to-fund-renovation-of-tutankhamun-golden-mask 

Press release: U.S. Helps preserve base of Sphinx by lowering groundwater
http://www.thecairopost.com/news/165982/culture/press-release-u-s-helps-preserve-base-of-sphinx-by-lowering-groundwater 

France's Holland to inaugurate 'Osiris, Egypt's Sunken Mysteries' exhibit Monday
http://www.thecairopost.com/news/166102/culture/frances-holland-to-inaugurate-osiris-egypts-sunken-mysteries-exhibit-monday 

EGYPT EXPLORATION SOCIETY

Scanning Sesebi: A work experience project by Elissa Day
http://ees.ac.uk/news/index/328.html

JOHN RYLANDS LIBRARY SPECIAL COLLECTIONS BLOG

Greek Papyrus 6: The Nicene Creed
https://rylandscollections.wordpress.com/2015/09/04/greek-papyrus-6-nicene-creed/

ANCIENT EGYPT ALIVE!

Egyptomania in Pompeii: Ancient Egypt in Rome's Famous City
http://www.ancientegyptalive.com/2015/09/08/egyptomania-in-pompeii-ancient-egypt-in-romes-famous-city/ 

THE EGYPTIAN HISTORY PODCAST

Episode 52: Two Dynasties at Once

Canaanites in the North, Egyptians in the South
http://egyptianhistory.libsyn.com/episode-52-two-dynasties-at-once

LIVESCIENCE

Hidden Blue Paint Found in Ancient Mummy Portraits
http://www.livescience.com/52066-egyptian-blue-mummy-portraits.html